This bureau was originally established as the Kaohsiung County Health Office in July 1947. Its name was changed to Public Health Bureau of Kaohsiung County in April 1962.
In July 1947, its initial location was on Zhong Shan Road in Feng Shan City, currently the location of Land Bank. In December 1949, the office was relocated to Guang Yuan Road in the same city, currently the location of the Feng Shan Police Station, and then was moved again to the Feng Gang Road in December of 1951, currently the location of the Kaohsiung County Library.
Up to 1961, as part of the assistance from the former Hygiene Bureau of Taiwan Provincial Government and the Chinese Village Revival Joint Committee, the Bureau was subsidized NT$3,394,082 by the American Rescue Association and together with NT$600,000 additional support from the country, the total reached NT$3,994,082. This building of the health bureau was therefore built in December of 1961, and officially started operations in January 1962 on the location, No.30, Jingwu Rd., Feng Shan City. In October 1997, the bureau again moved temporarily to No.117, Dabi Rd., Niaosong Township, because the 35-year-old building was reconstructed as the Feng Shan City Hall. The name of the bureau was also changed to Public Health Bureau of Kaohsiung County Government due to the December 30, 1999 reform of the Taiwan Provincial Government. The bureau finally relocated to the Health and Environmental Protection Building in December 2002. (No.834-1, Chengching Rd., Niaosong Township, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan 833)